The abortion issue has now become a political litmus test in America, as Democrats eliminate opponents of abortion rights and Republicans unite in a nearly unanimous pro-life position.

An article Thursday in the Wall Street Journal underscored the growing political polarization over the abortion question as the House Republican caucus no longer has a single lawmaker who supports abortion. For their part, the Democrats have systematically excluded candidates embracing a pro-life stance.

The pro-life galvanization of the GOP has followed the retirements of Republicans Charlie Dent of Pennsylvania and Rodney Frelinghuysen of New Jersey, both of whom were pro-choice. In the Senate, the only pro-choice Republicans left are Lisa Murkowski of Alaska and Susan Collins of Maine, the Journal noted.

This dramatic polarization over abortion is a relatively recent phenomenon, as a 2018 report by the Pew Research Center revealed.

In 1995, Republicans were evenly divided regarding abortion, with 49 percent saying it should be legal in most or all circumstances and 48 percent saying it should be illegal. Most recent polls, however, show a substantial majority (59 percent) of Republicans holding that abortion should be illegal in all or most cases, with only 36 percent holding the contrary view.

The opposite phenomenon has taken place in the Democrat party. While more than three quarters (76 percent) of Democrats now say abortion should be legal in most or all cases, back in 1995, ten percent fewer (64 percent) party members held that opinion.

Democratic National Committee (DNC) chairman Tom Perez famously closed the door to pro-life democrats in April 2017, promising to support and fund only candidates who back a woman’s right to abortion.

“Every Democrat, like every American, should support a woman’s right to make her own choices about her body and her health,” Perez said in a statement. “That is not negotiable and should not change city by city or state by state.”

“At a time when women’s rights are under assault from the White House, the Republican Congress, and in states across the country,” he added, “we must speak up for this principle as loudly as ever and with one voice.”

The result has been that the Democrat party is now effectively pro-abortion, while the GOP is pro-life.

Mallory Quigley, a spokeswoman for Susan B. Anthony List, a group that promotes pro-life candidates to federal office, said that abortion has been a motivating issue helping its candidates in recent election cycles.

“This absolutely includes women and younger voters who have been increasingly turned off by the Democrat Party’s extremism on abortion,” she said.

Americans overwhelmingly favor greater restrictions on abortion than are currently in place, according to a comprehensive Marist poll conducted in January 2019.

A full three quarters (75 percent) of Americans say that if abortion is going to be allowed at all, it should be restricted to within the first trimester.

Even among registered Democrats, 60 percent say abortion should be limited to — at most — the first three months of pregnancy, which suggests that Democratic leadership is significantly more favorable to abortion on demand than its constituents.

The survey also found that 65 percent of Americans say if the Supreme Court revisits Roe v. Wade, it should either return the question of abortion law to the states (49 percent) or outlaw the procedure altogether (16 percent).

Follow Thomas D. Williams on Twitter