Egypt’s Islamists called for a “Friday of anger” in Cairo after nearly 600 people were killed following a crackdown on their protest camps, as the UN urged “maximum restraint” from all sides.

The call raised fears of fresh violence after the death toll from nationwide clashes following Wednesday’s operation to clear two protest camps supporting ousted president Mohamed Morsi rose to 578, making it Egypt’s bloodiest day in decades.

There were renewed attacks on security forces during a tense day on Thursday, with at least seven soldiers and a policeman killed in the Sinai peninsula and another police officer killed in the central city of Assiut.

With the country under a state of emergency and many provinces hit by night-time curfews, the interior ministry ordered police to use live fire if government buildings came under attack.

International criticism of the bloodshed poured in and the United Nations Security Council held an emergency meeting on the crisis at the request of France, Britain and Australia.

Afterwards, the Argentine president of the council urged all parties to exercise “maximum restraint”.

Ambassador Maria Cristina Perceval, whose country currently presides over the 15-country body, said member states regretted the loss of life in Cairo, called for an end to the violence and spoke of the need to advance “national reconciliation.”

US President Barack Obama led the international outrage at the bloody crackdown, announcing the cancellation of a joint US-Egyptian military exercise.

But despite scrapping the Bright Star exercise, which has been scheduled every two years since 1981, he stopped short of suspending Washington’s annual $1.3 billion in aid to Egypt.

Meanwhile, the US State Department warned citizens not to travel to Egypt and called on those already there to leave.

Obama’s remarks sparked a defiant response from Egypt’s president early on Friday, saying that “statements not based on facts may encourage violent armed groups.”

Governments in several European capitals summoned Egyptian envoys to voice their concern.

Turkey’s Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan, a Morsi supporter, described the crackdown as a “massacre” and Ankara later recalled its ambassador to Cairo.

And UN rights chief Navi Pillay called for “an independent, impartial, effective and credible investigation of the conduct of the security forces.”

Morsi supporters had called for Cairo marches on Thursday but that call was not heeded, while small protests were staged in coastal Alexandria and southern Beni Sueif.

Meanwhile, attacks against churches and Christian properties that began on Wednesday continued for a second day, with activists saying at least 25 churches had been targeted.

As relatives sought to identify their dead, Brotherhood spokesman Haddad insisted protesters would “remain strong, defiant and resolved.”

In Cairo, at the Al-Iman mosque, dozens of corpses of protesters clad in white shrouds were lined up before grieving relatives.

At the two protest sites where Morsi loyalists had camped since his July 3 ouster, trucks cleared charred debris.

And Egyptian police entered a Cairo mosque containing the bodies of several dozen Islamist protesters after a brief stand-off during which tear gas was fired.

Ibrahim, a field medic inside the mosque, said more than 200 corpses had been removed earlier in the day but 43 unidentified bodies remained.

State media said ambulances were waiting to cart the bodies off to hospital for identification.

There were also calls from Tamarod, the protest group that organised opposition to Morsi’s rule, for Egyptians to take to the streets on Friday “to reject domestic terrorism and foreign interference.”

Despite the bloodshed, Egypt’s press welcomed the end of the pro-Morsi demonstrations.

Newspapers carried photos of protesters brandishing weapons and throwing stones, but none from makeshift morgues where dead protesters were lined up in rooms slick with blood.

The killing prompted interim vice president and Nobel laureate Mohamed ElBaradei to resign, saying he was troubled over the loss of life, “particularly as I believe it could have been avoided.”

Despite the condemnation, interim prime minister Hazem al-Beblawi praised the police for their “self-restraint” and said the government remained committed to an army-drafted roadmap calling for elections in 2014.

He justified the use of force saying Morsi loyalists had been sowing chaos, “terrorising citizens, attacking public and private property.”