Macron Wipeout in Snap Election he Called, Le Pen Surges and Could Take Outright Majority

Supporters react as former president of the French far-right Rassemblement National (RN) p
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Oliver JJ Lane

The Parliamentary faction of President Emmanuel Macron has been utterly destroyed in the unexpected snap election he called just three weeks ago, with Le Pen’s Party looking to nearly treble its seat holding.

Polling has closed in France for the first round of this week-long Parliamentary election. While actual seat distribution won’t be fully known, the exit polls following this knock-out round have given a confident answer that Marine Le Pen’s nationalist-populist National Rally (RN) won the day. Per the exit polls, her faction gained 34 per cent of the vote, while the left-wing coalition founded for the purpose of this election picked up 29 per cent, and President Macron’s Ensemble looks at just 20 per cent.

In terms of seats, any one party or group would need 289 seats in the 577 seat house. A series of exit polls suggest that by the end of next Sunday, RN could have as few as 250 seats, but could get as many as 310 depending on second round voting. This is a simply enormous leap for RN, given Le Pen’s party had just 88 Members of Parliament last time.

Speaking this evening, Marine Le Pen urged voters to back her in the second round to give the party an absolute majority in the house so it can choose the next Prime Minister and begin the end of the Emmanuel Macron presidency. She boasted her faction has practically “wiped out the Macron camp”.

More detailed results will continue to come in overnight and into Monday. There now follows a week of further campaigning, before the final head-to-head rounds next week.

Because of the French system which sees this knock-out round followed a week later by the decider, there is a specific tradition of parties issuing tactical voting guidelines to their voters and horse-trading between parties to maximise the chances of defeating the first-placed candidate. For instance, while Le Pen’s RN looks set to be the largest single party and will fight a large number of constituencies next Sunday, it will be doing so against the combined weight of votes of all other parties coalescing around a single opposing figure.

This system makes the final outcome hard to predict — hence the very wide margin of error in the exit polls — and makes clear much remains to play for. President Macron has already called on the public to vote against the right next week.

Marine Le Pen, leader of National Rally, speaks at the party headquarters following voting during the first round of legislative elections in Henin-Beaumont, France, on Sunday, June 30, 2024. Le Pen’s National Rally was on track to dominate the first round of France’s legislative election, dealing a major blow to President Emmanuel Macron and setting the stage for a far-right party to control the country’s government for the first time in its modern history. Photographer: Cyril Marcilhacy/Bloomberg via Getty Images

It is not common, but under limited circumstances it is possible for a candidate to win outright in this round, by getting over 50 per cent of the votes cast and those votes being more than 25 per cent of the registered voters in the district. At time of writing it appears only a handful managed this feat, but among them was Marine Le Pen herself who won 58 per cent in Pas-de-Calais.

Less fortunate was Francois Hollande, a very exalted person being a former President of France making a return to politics by attempting to gain a seat in Parliament. He only managed to get 37 per cent in the Corrèze seat where he has been a major feature of political life for decades. He will face off against the RN in the seat next week.

President Macron called this election earlier this month after he suffered a bruising defeat at the hands of Le Pen in the Europe-wide Brussels elections. If his intention was to buttress his authority and avoid the label of being a lame-duck President — assuming there is no 4D chess play at hand here — he appears to have spectacularly failed. As reported earlier in the day, one French broadsheet has already stated the Macron camp intends to call another election as soon as legally possible after this one, presumably to punish the French people for not having done as they were told.

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